Highlights
- •Hybrid Iterative reconstruction with low dose CACS CT enables stable coronary calcium quantification as full dose FBP.
- •Using HIR low dose CACS, no patient changed risk group from positive to zero or vice versa.
- •Automatic exposure control allowed standardization of image quality and radiation dose exposure.
Abstract
Introduction
We sought to validate whether low dose CACS CT with hybrid IR (HIR) could replace
standard dose filtered back projection (FBP).
Method
We enrolled 100 patients to undergo low dose CACS CT with HIR, in addition to routine
full dose FBP.
Results
No significant difference between full and low dose CT in Agatston score 138.2 ± 360.6 vs. 137.3 ± 356.4 (p = 0.272) or calcium mass score 19 ± 48.3 vs. 18.7 ± 49 (p = 0.8), respectively. Bland–Altman analysis showed no systematic bias. Calcium volume
difference was statistically significant 57.2 ± 134 vs. 55.1 ± 130.2 (p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Low dose CT for calcium scoring with HIR enables stable CACS Agatston score and calcium
mass quantification as compared to full dose FBP.
Graphical abstract

Graphical Abstract
Abbreviations:
CACS (coronary artery calcium score), HIR (hybrid iterative reconstruction), FBP (filtered back projection), FD (full dose), LD (low dose), BMI (body mass index), DLP (dose-length product)Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Clinical ImagingAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Long-term prognosis associated with coronary calcification: observations from a registry of 25,253 patients.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 49: 1860-1870https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2006.10.079
- A 15-year warranty period for asymptomatic individuals without coronary artery calcium: a prospective follow-up of 9,715 individuals.JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015; 8: 900-909https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.01.025
- ACCF/SCCT/ACR/AHA/ASE/ASNC/NASCI/SCAI/SCMR 2010 appropriate use criteria for cardiac computed tomography.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010; 56: 1864-1894https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.07.005
- Coronary artery calcification screening: estimated radiation dose and cancer risk.Arch Intern Med. 2009; 169: 1188-1194https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.162
- Adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction: assessment of image noise and image quality in coronary CT angiography.Am J Roentgenol. 2010; 195: 649-654https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.10.4285
- CT image quality improvement using adaptive iterative dose reduction with wide-volume acquisition on 320-detector CT.Eur Radiol. 2011; 22: 295-301https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-011-2271-7
- Iterative reconstruction technique for reducing body radiation dose at CT: feasibility study.Am J Roentgenol. 2009; 193: 764-771https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.09.2397
- Radiation dose reduction with hybrid iterative reconstruction for pediatric CT.Radiology. 2012; https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.12110268/-/DC1
- Influence of iterative image reconstruction on CT-based calcium score measurements.Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014; 30: 961-967https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-014-0409-9
- Coronary artery calcium scoring: influence of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction using 64-MDCT.Int J Cardiol. 2013; 167: 2932-2937https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.08.003
- Impact of iterative reconstruction on CT coronary calcium quantification.Eur Radiol. 2013; 23: 3246-3252https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-013-3022-8
- Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography.J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990; 15: 827-832https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(90)90282-t
- Coronary calcium predicts events better with absolute calcium scores than age-sex-race/ethnicity percentiles.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009; 53: 345-352https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.07.072
- Coronary artery disease: improved reproducibility of calcium scoring with an electron-beam CT volumetric method.Radiology. 1998; 208: 807-814https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.208.3.9722864
- Interscan variation in coronary artery calcium quantification in a large asymptomatic patient population.Am J Roentgenol. 2000; 174: 803-809https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.174.3.1740803
- Automatic exposure control in CT: applications and limitations.J Am Coll Radiol. 2011; 8: 446-449https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2011.03.001
- Coronary artery calcium scoring using a reduced tube voltage and radiation dose protocol with dual-source computed tomography.J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2009; 3: 394-400https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2009.10.002
- Very low-dose coronary artery calcium scanning with high-pitch spiral acquisition mode: comparison between 120-kV and 100-kV tube voltage protocols.J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2013; 7: 32-38https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2012.11.004
- Low- vs. standard-dose coronary artery calcium scanning.Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015; 16: 358-363https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeu218
- Radiation dose reduction for coronary artery calcium scoring at 320-detector CT with adaptive iterative dose reduction 3D.Int J Card Imaging. June 2016; : 1-8https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-015-0637-7
- Impact of advanced modeled iterative reconstruction on coronary artery calcium quantification.Acad Radiol. 2016; 23: 1506-1512https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2016.08.008
- Evolve or perish for coronary calcium imaging.Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015; 16: 354-355https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeu220
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 01, 2017
Accepted:
January 31,
2017
Received in revised form:
January 17,
2017
Received:
November 8,
2016
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.